The Gutenberg Press | 1450 AD

What is Johannes Gutenberg credited with? Inventing the technology of printing with movable typePost a photo of the Gutenberg Press.
How did the printing press work? Ink was rolled over the raised surface of movable hand-set black letters held within a wooden form then pressed against a piece of paper.
What motivated Gutenberg to find a better way of creating books? Working at the mint with his father and his love of reading.
Why did Gutenberg experiment with metal type versus wood type? Woodcuts were not durable, they usually split after repeated use.
Post an example of movable type in a type case.


Which printing process is the Gutenberg press an example of? Briefly describe the process?
Relief printing - movable type placed into the press, ink is spread onto type, paper is placed on top, the press applies the direct pressure needed to transfer the ink to the paper
printmaking; ink is applied, then rubbed with a cloth to remove the 1excess, damp paper is placed on top, a press applies pressure to transfer the ink to the paper

Post an example of a screen (porous) printing press.

What is porous printing and how is ink transferred? Basic stencil process; image carrier is attached to a screen, ink is forced through open mesh areas.
 Post an example of a lithography printing press.

What is lithography and how is ink transferred? It is printed from a flat surface; drawing made on the plane with greasy ink or crayon, water is applied, when ink is spread on top, the greasy parts accept the ink, the wet parts don't offset lithography printing press.
What variation of lithography is used by the commercial printing industry today? Offset Lithography.
How do printing presses used today compare to the Gutenberg Press? Today we don't use the same methods and the process is faster and more efficient.

Describe four-color process printing using CMYK? The printers today requires cyan, magenta, yellow, and black ink to create the colors needed to print the design.
Post an example of an intaglio press.

What is moveable type? The system of printing that uses movable compnents to reproduce the elements of a document. 

What is a matrix? A hard metal punch hammered into a softer copper bar.
What ink did Gutenberg develop that he used specifically for the printing press? Oil-based ink, more durable than water-based ink.
What is paper made from? Where did paper originate? A substrate made from wood pulp; China.
What is a "substrate"? The layer underneath something living.
Who did Gutenberg seek to help with the invention of the press? John Fust.
Close to the end of the 5 years, what happened? Fust sued Gutenberg and won, Gutenburg had to turn over the press, tools, and 180 Bibles.
What was the first book he printed? Gutenberg Bible.
How did the Gutenberg Press impact communication? Perfected script and made it easier to read, books made more reapidly, current information could be shared locally and around the world, cost of books decreased, demand grew and the population become more literate, book trade, art and science florished begining the renaissance.
Who introduced the printing press to England? William Caxton.
What was the early form of newspapers? Trade newspapers.
When was the first news weekly published? What was it called?1704; The Boston Letter
What kind of press was built in the US in the mid 1800s? Cast iron.
By the late 1930s, presses had increased in efficiency and were capable of 2,500 to 3,500 impressions per hour.