Stephen Kroninger

What kind of art/design does he produce? Photo-collages and children's books.

In what publications/media studios has his work been featured? Time Magazine, children's books, Newsweek, The New Yorker, The New York Times

Post 2 samples of his art. Answer the following questions for each piece...

Was this piece published? Where?

1. New York Times 2. Time Magazine Health

What principles of design were utilized within the piece? How?
1. Proportion, the heads are big and the bicycle is small. 2. Balance and variety, the picture images but together balance each other even though they are so different.
What elements of design were utilized?
1. Space and texture. 2. Texture and shape. 

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Review Week 12

How can you, as the designer, use principles of design to help compose a page?
Using the principles of design, you can better your page. The principles of design will help you perfect your page and follow certain guidelines to make sure your page turns out the way you want.
What are the principles of design (define each in your own words)?'

Balance: equal weight in the image

Proportion: relationship between objects as a whole

Rhythm: how images are repeated as a whole

Emphasis: attention to details 

Unity: visual linking of elements

Podcast #4 Typography

Define typography? The art of expressing ideas through the selection of certain typefaces.

Where did the word "typography" originate from? Greece

What does typography involve? Creating and modifying type using a variety of illustration tools.

What is a typeface? Distinctive designs of visual symbols that are used to compose a printed image/design.

What is another term for typeface? Fonts.

What is a character? Individual symbols that make up a typeface. Letters, numerals and punctuation marks.

What is type style? Modifications in typeface that create design variety while maintaining visual style of the typeface.

What does type style "create" within a design? Bold, italic, condensed, roman, heavy.

What is the waist line and what does it indicate? Imaginary line drawn at the middle of the characters.

What is a base line and what does it indicate?  Imaginary line drawn at the bottom of characters.   

What is an ascender? The part of the characters that extends above the waist line.

What is a descender? The part of the character that extends below the base line.

Describe a serif? Smaller line used to finish off a main stoke of a letter, usually at the top and bottom of a character.

How can the size of the typeface be identified? Measures from the top of the ascender to the bottom of the  descender.

What is a point? THe vertical measurement used to identify the size of the typeface.

How many points are in an inch? 72

What is a pica and how many are in an inch?  A unit of type size and line length; 6

How many points are in a pica? 12

What is body type and where can it be found? Type sizes that range from  4 pt through 12 pt type.

What is the key to selecting appropriate typefaces to be used as body type? 

What is display type and how is it used? Type sized above 12 pt. Used to draw attention to a message.

What is reverse type and when would it be used? Consist of white type on solid black or darker color background. If text is too small reverse type can be too difficult on the reader's eyes.

What is a typeface classification? A basic system for classifying typefaces was devised in the 19th century when printers sought to identify a heritage for their own craft.

When was Blackletter invented and how was it used? Blackletter was the earliest typeface, used with the invention of the printing press in the mid 1400's.

Describer the characteristics of a Blackletter typeface? Blackletter typefaces resembled the calligraphy of the time and are highly ornamental with elaborate thick to thin strokes.

When was Old Style invneted and what was is based on? Based on ancient Roman inscriptions and created to replace Blackletter typefaces.

Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface? Wedge-shaped angle serifs and a low contrast of their thick/thin strokes.

When were formal scripts developed? 17th and 18th century.

When were casual scripts developed? 20th century.

Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface? Should not be used as small body text. Varied strokes reminiscent of handwriting.

When was Modern typefaces developed and why? Late 18th and 19th centuries. As a break from the traditional typography of the time.

Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface? Sharp contrast between thick and thin strokes and have thin, flat serifs.

How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened? As early as the 5th century. The Italian  Renaissance returned to Old Style and made the Sans Serif obsolete in the 20th century.

When did they become popular? In the 1920's.

What does "sans serif" mean? "Without Serifs."

Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface? Strokes are uniform in weight and have a monotone appearance.

When was Slab Serif developed and why? In the 19th century for advertising purposes. Mainly used for decorative purposes and advertising.

Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface? Uniform line weight and thicker, square serifs.

Describe Decorative typefaces? Uses a variety of typefaces that don't belong to other classifications, may incorporate pictures.

Why were they developed? Developed with a specific purpose or theme in mind.

What are they best used for? Larger point size or display type.